Author(s): Jean-Paul Nadreau; Bernard Michel
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Abstract: When an engineer has to design a bridge, the properties of the steel he intends to use are quite well known. When dealing with ice, the situation is not as simple. The ice may exhibit any behavior from elastic to viscous, and fall because of a brittle fracture or a ductile yield. Furthermore, each strength value depends on a lot of parameters not so apparent for ordinary engineering materials. We intend to summarize in this paper the present knowledge on ice properties. In order to show in which direction research is presently done, we try to mention as often as possible, the most recent works and findings. We should point out that we have essentially limited this state-of-the-art report to polycrystalline ice. We should mention equally that we were very much concerned to extend this review to sea ice and we tried to report on as many studies as possible on saline ice. The canvas of this article has been made with the objective that it would be useful to designing engineers.
Year: 1984