Author(s): T. A. Mcclimans; J. E. Steen; J. H. Kjeldgaard.
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Abstract: When brackish water cooled to its freezing point flows under freshwater also cooled to its freezing point, there is an additional heat loss from the fresh water. This process, which leads to ice growth, may occur in some Norwegian fjords, especially those for which the freshwater discharges are regulated. Laboratory experiments show that the heat loss to the brackish layer is a maximum when its salinity is ca. 18 ppt, for which thermal convection in the lower layer is largest. The ice growth rate due to this process was found to be small in the small apparatus used, however, scaling of the results to larger dimensions implies a larger value. Laboratory experiments in a larger tank are recommended. Weak currents are also expected to enhance the ice growth rate due to this process.
Year: 1978