Author(s): Jim Sandkvist
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Keywords: No Keywords
Abstract: The ice conditions in the Lulea Harbour 1976/77 and 1977/78 were investigated. The ice periods lasted from December till mid-May. The static growth of ice is well described using the degree-day method, the degree-day coefficient being 2.2 cm/ (oC, day) ^0.5. In the ship's tracks, ice piles up to 7 meters were observed. The accelerated growth of ice was observed and compared with the calculated growth of ice estimated from a mathematical model. The increased costs of shipping in the Lulea Harbour due to winter conditions is at least one million Swedish crowns per year. The ice-reducing effects caused by a warm water outlet was observed and are presented herein.
Year: 1978