Author(s): Francesca De Serio; Diana De Padova; Giancarlo Chiaia; Mouldi Ben Meftah; Michele Mossa

Linked Author(s): Francesca De Serio

Keywords: Desalination; Hypersaline flow; Brackish waters; Turbulent mixing

Abstract: The significant environmental challenges posed by wastewater discharge from desalination plants into coastal basins, coupled with the growing need for alternative water sources, have led to the exploration of coastal springs as a new input for desalination. Unlike traditional seawater-fed desalination, this approach generates brackish water effluents with considerably lower salinity levels. This study examines the environmental impact of discharging brackish water versus hypersaline brine, focusing on a highly urbanized and environmentally sensitive coastal area in Southern Italy, where coastal springs could be utilized as an alternative water source for an innovative desalination plant. Using numerical hydrodynamic modelling, we compare the two scenarios to assess their effects on local currents, plume dispersion, and coastal ecosystems. The results indicate that brackish water discharge reduces stagnation risks and enhances mixing, whereas hypersaline brine exacerbates stratification, potentially harming marine biodiversity. These findings contribute to sustainable desalination practices while balancing water supply needs with ecological preservation.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.64697/978-90-835589-7-4_41WC-P2002-cd

Year: 2025