Author(s): Hui Weng Goh; Nor Azazi Zakaria
Linked Author(s): Hui Weng Goh, Nor Azazi Zakaria
Keywords: Bioretention systems; Green infrastructures; Nutrient removal; Stormwater management; Principal component analysis (PCA)
Abstract: Nutrient input from urban runoff, especially Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P) become one of the primary concern in protection of water resources in recent years. Therefore, bioretention system has gained its popularity as green infrastructures for stormwater Best Management Practices (BMPs) in the Asia-Pacific Region. In this study, the effect of composite bioretention media containing two different types of additives: shredded newspaper and crushed cockle shell was examined by comparing its nutrient element’s pattern with the standard bioretention media. A total of three principal component analysis (PCA) biplots were conducted for this study to explore the difference of highly interrelated variables between influent and effluent with standard and composite media with additives. The result showed that the use of additives affected the pattern of correlation between various nutrient pollutants, compared to influent water quality. For influent water quality, principal component 1 (PC1 = 54.71%) was associated with total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), total kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) and DON, PC2 (19.70%) was associated with total suspended solids (TSS) and nitrogen oxides (NOx-N) whereas for composite media with additives, the correlation pattern was different. PC1 (41.57%) was associated with dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), TKN and ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) while PC2 (32.43%) was associated with TN, TDN and NOx-N. The results indicated that nitrification and denitrification has taken place in the mesocosm with the enhancement of bioretention media with additives.
Year: 2018