Author(s): Saeed Osouli; Matteo Postacchini; Ivan Sabbioni; Maurizio Brocchini

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Abstract: The Overtopping BReakwater for Energy Conversion (OBREC) is an innovative type of Wave Energy Converter (WEC) that integrates renewable energy generation within the structure of conventional rubble-mound breakwaters. In an OBREC system, incident waves are guided up a sloping ramp, allowing water to overtop into a reservoir positioned above mean sea level. The stored water is then released through low-head turbines to generate electricity, with energy production directly linked to the hydraulic head created by the overtopped flow. Traditionally, the discharged water from the OBREC flows toward the rear side of the structure, into a sheltered area of the sea that remains unaffected by incoming waves or sea level fluctuations. However, the present study numerically investigates a modified configuration in which the overtopped water is discharged seaward, exposing the system to dynamic wave pressures and potential sea level variations. Findings indicate that in the presence of waves and increased sea levels, the location of maximum mean energy shifts progressively toward the basin, resulting in a significant reduction of energy conversion up to approximately 90%. This new setup aims to assess how wave-induced pressures and hydrodynamic feedback from the open sea may influence the overtopping behaviour and overall energy conversion efficiency of the OBREC.

DOI:

Year: 2026