Author(s): Francisco Javier Santacruz

Linked Author(s):

Keywords: Internet of things; NB-IoT; LoRaWAN; Leak detection; Remote reading; Smart metering; Water meter

Abstract: The digital transformation of water metering is redefining how utilities manage consumption, detect anomalies, and optimize network performance. This paper presents an overview of the evolution from traditional mechanical meters to modern smart metering systems, highlighting the role of IoT communication technologies, standardized data models, and advanced analytical methodologies. A structured approach is proposed to convert raw meter data into normalized indicators suitable for automated alert generation and decision making. Deployment experiences from major Spanish water suppliers illustrate the impact of smart metering on leak detection, water efficiency, and operational sustainability. Finally, key challenges related to data assurance, interoperability, cybersecurity, and long-term device management are discussed.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.64697/iahr.proc.hic2026.245

Year: 2026