Author(s): Yichen Hua; Fang Li; Li Zhou; Shifeng Ding; Pentti Kujala; Shixiao Fu
Linked Author(s):
Keywords: Full-scale measurement; Nominal local ice pressure; Hull geometry; Normal frame angle; Operational mode; Ice thickness
Abstract: Full-scale measurements provide a reliable basis for investigating local ice loads on ships operating in ice-covered waters. Based on full-scale datasets from MS Kemira and MT Uikku, this study presents a systematic analysis of nominal local ice pressure characteristics. A unified data processing framework is established by converting line loads into nominal local ice pressures based on the measurement panel area, and the statistical characteristics under different operational modes, ice thickness conditions, and hull geometric features are analyzed using the empirical cumulative distribution function (ECDF). The results indicate that operational mode significantly influences the spatial distribution of local ice pressure. Under independent navigation, higher ice pressures are observed in the bow region, whereas under icebreaker-assisted navigation, increased ice pressures occur in the midship and stern regions. The influence of ice thickness exhibits pronounced regional variability, with complex behavior in the bow region and monotonic increasing trends in the midship and stern regions. Further comparison between the two vessels reveals that hull geometric characteristics, particularly the normal frame angle, strongly influence both the magnitude and spatial distribution of ice pressure. Overall, local ice pressure is jointly affected by operational mode, ice thickness, and hull geometry, with hull geometry identified as a key governing factor. These findings provide insight into structural design and local ice load assessment for polar vessels.
Year: 2026