The monograph guides practitioners or researchers through theory, implementation and processing steps of field-scale applications using an ADCP as a surrogate method for the estimation of sediment transport (suspended and bed-load) in fluvial systems. It includes principles of underwater acoustics, sensors and effects of particles and providing best practices in the field, pre- and post-processing steps and calculation procedures, and advises users wishing to implement a hydroacoustic sediment monitoring program.