Author(s): Natsuhiko Otsuka; Kouji Ogiwara; Kohei Kanaami; Shinjiro Takahashi; Hiroshi Saeki
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Abstract: In order to determine the characteristics of the spread of crude oil in seawater with pack ice, experiments were carried out using model pack ice made of circular ice plates under various conditions of oil discharge rate, oil volume and ice concentration. Results of experiments in which the ice concentration was small showed that the spilled oil spread between ice plates but that the rate of spread was much lees than that in the case of open water. On the other hand, when the ice concentration was high and there were isolated areas of open water, spilled oil spread by overtopping the parts of the circular ice plates that were in contact with each other and oil was trapped in the isolated open water areas. The characteristics of the spread of spilled oil depend on the density and concentration of ice, density and viscosity of oil, and net surface tension between ice, oil and water.
Year: 2002